PHYSIOLOGY

Physiology is a core biological discipline that investigates the mechanisms and functions of living organisms at various levels—from cells and tissues to organs and organ systems. As a science, it seeks to explain the physical and chemical processes that enable life, growth, reproduction, movement, and adaptation. Physiology is often referred to as the “science of life” because it lays the foundation for understanding how organisms survive, respond to stimuli, and maintain internal stability in changing environments. Physiology is an essential subject in medical, health, and life sciences. It forms the basis for clinical practice in medicine, nursing, physiotherapy, and other health professions. A comprehensive understanding of physiology allows students and professionals to grasp how the human body functions in normal and pathological conditions.